*  What is Iridology?

      *  The history of Iridology

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        IRIDOLOGY is the study of the irides of the eye, that is, the exposed nerve endings, which make up the coloured part of the eye, all of which are connected to the brain. On a parallel with Reflexology, where the practitioner can FEEL the abnormalities of the Reflex nerve endings, a trained Iridologist, can actually see a veritable Ordinance Survey map of the REFLEX NERVE ENDINGS EXPOSING genetic inheritance, congestive and irritative zones and their various inter-reactions, within the bodily systems. In the hands of those who are well versed in the Pathology of the Pathways of Disease, as well as Anatomy and Physiology, this provides a veritable microchip of information.

        Iridology complements all therapeutic sciences because it provides the vital information needed in order to establish the root cause of ailments, thus revealing the appropriate treatments required. Hippocrates and Philostratus used Iridology. lridology was taught at the Medical School of Salerno and even the Chaldeans of Babylonia, in 1000 BC left records of Iride markings, with the relevant Anatomical reflexes painted onto stone slabs.

     * The history of Iridology

      In the 17^th, 18^th, and 19th centuries writings and works on Iris markings and their meanings were recorded, largely by medical practitioners. One of the earliest was Dr. Ignatz von Peczely, a Hungarian doctor. When he was 11 years old, he accidently broke the leg of an owl when it instinctively fought against being captured. The boy noticed a black mark appearing in the owl s iris as victor and captor glared at each other. As von Peczely nursed the owl back to health, and in the following years of a more voluntary relationship, be noticed the mark, which appeared upon injury, changing in form and shading.

       Meanwhile, in the 1860’s, a Swedish boy, Nils Liljequist, was reduced from a robust young man, to a sickly boy as a result of vaccination, followed by much drugging with quinine and iodine. Between the ages of 14 and 20, he noted the changes in the colour of his formerly blue eyes, as the drug spots accumulated. In 1870 be published a paper, "Quinine and Iodine change the Colour of the iris". Changing his career pathway from that of allopathic medicine, Liljequist, became a Homoeopath, as that was the treatment, which restored him. After studying many of his patients, he published "Om Ogendiagnosen’ in 1893, which included his Iris chart. Human anatomy being what it is, we should not be surprised that both his chart, and von Peczely’s, were so similar.

         Much of the American medical research stemmed from the Austrian emigre, Dr. Henry Edward Lane, who carried out most of his surgical and autopsy correlations with Iride markings, at the Kosmos sanitarium in Evanston, Illonois. His book, lridology. The Diagnosis from the Eye", was published in 1904 as The Scientific Essay for the Public and Medical Profession", and he substanciates his records with the fact that thousands were examined before lust one marking could be considered corroborated".

One of Dr. Lane’s students was Henry Lindlahr, M.D., the champion of "the healing crises". He too, became a surgeon, and amongst his vast written works, placing nature cures onto a scientific basis, in 1919, he published lridiognosis and Other Diagnostic Methods".

          The well-known writings of Bernard Jensen, D.C., N.D., Ph.D., stem from his photographic and medically corroborated research. He had studied under Dr. Lindlahr and also worked for two nights a week for four years, at the International School of Professional Arts and Sciences, in San Francisco, California, with the Chiropractor, R.M. McLain, on an intensive study and investigation into using Iridology as a means of analysing patients’ problems. Jensen states, in his book "IRIDOLOGY."

       The ce and Practice of the Healing Arts. Volume II’ that "Dr. McLain proved conclusively that iridology was practical and scientific by the beneficial results he achieved with patients".

Dr. J. Haskel Kritzer, recorded his lifetime of research into iris diagnosis, in his textbook "Iridodiagnosis", soon to be republished by The Holistic Health College, London. It was his work which spurred Bernard Jensen onto further research, developing a more up—to—date iris chart, along with a colleague of Dr. Kritzer, Dr. John R. Arnold, founder of the World Iridology Fellowship. Dr. Arnold insisted on the SCIENTIFIC EXACTNESS of any research before it could be considered valid. He was the main instigator in changing the term iridiagnosis’ to ‘iris analysis", which more accurately reflects that it is a means of analysing CONDITIONS WITHIN rather than specific diseases.

         D..L. Fernandiz, a medical and naturopathic physician, in Barcelona, Spain, published, in 1970, a comprehensive work, "Iridodiagnosis’, clearly illustrating how valuable early diagnosis was, from the iris, before pathological states advance enough to be clinically diagnosed. He stated that "the great advantage of iridology to medical doctors is its reliability as an indicator of the early stages of disease, allowing many more lives to be saved.’

There are many more researchers who deserve acknowledgement, such as the Germans, Josef Deck, Theodor Kriege, Josef Angerer Dr. H.W. Schimmeland Dr. Rudolf Schnable, to name but a few. There is a great deal of intensive research and writings on Iridology, but we have concentrated here on the MEDICOS. For the benefit of those who have not had a chance to investigate the enormous amount of scientific research, involving millions of case histories, worldwide research, utilizing surgery, autopsy, X-ray, scanning and chemical analysis, in Russia, Germany, New Zealand, Australia, Canada, America, South America and Europe, we trust this synopsis will clarify matters on the optic-neuro reflexed information provided by over 2800 exposed nerve endings. Just as the vascular system, exposed in the posterior of the inner eye is most revealing, so are the autonomic and central nerve system exposures.

Today, Iridology is part of the curriculum in the medical schools in Moscow, the Bobigy Faculty of Medicine at the University of Paris Nord, and various Egyptian and Greek medical schools. It is used worldwide by natural medicine practitioners and we have even more extensive scientific resources for the ever continuing corroboration of our findings.

  Iriscopie is een methode om ziekten af te lezen aan de iris. Ze gaat volgens haar beoefenaars terug tot de oervolksgeneeskunde, en is tegelijk een van de best weerlegde vormen van alternatieve geneeskunde.

Volgens de iriscopie toont de iris, de gekleurde ring om de pupil van het oog, gebreken in het lichaam. Abnormale vlekken, verkleuringen of lijnen zouden duiden op ziekten of de aanleg daartoe. Iriscopisten gaan ervan uit dat elk orgaan in het lichaam gekoppeld is aan een specifieke plek in de iris. Waar vroeger iriscopie synoniem was aan irisdiagnostiek, zijn de huidige iriscopisten wat voorzichtiger met het woord diagnose.

 Pimitieve vormen van iriscopie waren naar men zegt al bekend bij de oude Grieken, Chinezen en Egyptenaren. Hippocrates zou het hebben onderwezen aan zijn leerlingen. Of het hierbij ging om echte bestudering van de structuur en kleuring van de iris of om onderzoek van het oog in het algemeen, is niet meer te achterhalen. Het is in ieder geval zeker dat men destijds nog niet over vergrootglazen beschikte.

In 1670 schreef de Duitse arts Philipp Meyens in zijn Chiromatica Medica dat 'tekenen van het oog' op een ziekte konden duiden. Waarschijnlijk heeft Meyens dit niet zelf onderzocht, maar rapporteerde hij gangbare ideeën, naar analogie met andere projectiediagnostieken. Hoewel het tijdperk van de echte iriscopie nog niet begonnen was, gaf hij het basisprincipe aardig weer. Het lichaam wordt op de ogen geprojecteerd. Daarbij correspondeert de linkerkant van het lichaam met het linkeroog en het onderste deel van het lijf met het onderste deel van de ogen. Voor zover is na te gaan, had Meyens het over het gehele oog en niet alleen over de iris. In Anthropometrie (1695) van ene J.S. Eltzholtz staat een tabel met wel 400 kenmerken van het oog, waaraan men zou kunnen zien of men van doen heeft met een domme moordenaar, een verstandige heilige of iets daar tussenin. In deze tabel wordt de oogkleur (dus die van de iris) af en toe genoemd. Dat is ook bij diverse 18e-eeuwse auteurs zo.

De Hongaarse homeopaat Ignatz von Péczely (1826-1911) luidde de moderne iriscopie in. Het verhaal gaat dat hij als tienjarige jongen per ongeluk de poot van een uil brak. Op dat moment verscheen er een smalle donkere verticale streep in de iris van de uil. Deze verdween nadat de breuk geheeld was. Jaren later zag Péczely eenzelfde verschijnsel bij een patiënt met een gebroken schouder. Zo ontdekte hij het verband tussen irisstructuur en gezondheidstoestand.

Het verhaal over de uil lijkt niet zo betrouwbaar. Volgens een neef van Péczely was het nooit gebeurd. Bovendien heeft niemand anders ooit een dergelijke verandering van de iris bij een vogel waargenomen. Misschien was de jonge Ignatz niet op de hoogte van het feit dat uilen een verticale pupilspleet hebben en een derde ooglid waarvan de rand ook de indruk van een donkere verticale lijn kan wekken.

Met behulp van een loep die tweemaal vergrootte, ontwikkelde Péczely de eerste referentiekaart van de iris. Hij schreef er een boek over dat in 1881 in het Hongaars verscheen en in 1887 door de Duitse homeopaat Emil Schlegel vertaald werd onder de titel Die Iris nach den neuen Entdeckungen des Dr. I. v. Péczely. De Zweedse dominee Nils Liljequist (1851-1936) publiceerde in 1893 eveneens een boek over 'oogdiagnoses', met veel fraaie en gedetailleerde tekeningen die het verband tussen de iris en het lichaam aangaven. Liljequist lijkt het werk van Péczely op een aantal punten te hebben verbeterd, hoewel iriscopisten vaak aanvoeren dat hij daarvan niet op de hoogte was. Beide referentiekaarten gebruikten de projectieanatomie, zoals die ook al door Meyens was beschreven.

In het kielzog van Péczely en Liljequist werd de iriscopie in Duitsland verder ontwikkeld door Rudolph Schnabel en Joseph Deck. Dankzij de chiropractor Bernard Jensen (1908-2002) werd de methode ook in de VS populair. Jensen was een van de weinige iriscopisten die het werkingsmechanisme probeerde te verklaren, waarbij hij voortborduurde op theorieën van Walter Lang. (1, 2) Hij was bovendien een van de eersten die betoogde dat een goede irisfoto kan volstaan voor een diagnose.

• Specifically What Foods a Person Does and Does Not Eat. Sometimes an Iridologist can get a pretty fair idea of what General Foods are person consumes.
• How Much Uric Acid is in the Body. Although an Iridologist can tell if someone has too many noxious acids in his body, he cannot tell which specific acids are involved.
• The Time and Cause of an Injury to the Body.
• Whether a Snake Bite is Poisonous and if the Snake Venom Has Entered the Bloodstream. The effects of hundreds of snake bites over a lifetime may show up in the Iris.
• The Correlation Between Tissue Inflammation Levels and Specific Diseases or Symptoms of Disease.
• Diseases by Name.
• Whether a Subject is Male or Female (The Only Clue We Have is the Mascara on the Eyelashes!).
• Whether Asbestos Settlements or Silicosis Exist in the Body. Iridology cannot tell which specific elements have settled in the tissues.
• If Hair is Falling Out and Why - It is not in itself a disease state of the body.
• The Number of Organs With Which a Person Was Born.
• The Presence of a Yeast Infection, such as Candida Albicans. However, Iridology Can Reveal Conditions Supporting Its Possible Presence in the Body.
• The Presence of Lead, Cadmium, Aluminum, or any other Metallic Elements in the tissues.
• If a Woman is on Birth Control Pills.
• If a Woman is Pregnant - Pregnancy is a normal physiological condition for women.
• Whether an Operation is Necessary - This is a medical evaluation.
• Whether a Tumor is Present and What Size it is. The Iridologist can often see the tissue alteration that is represented by a tumor.
• Whether Hemorrhage Exists in the Body or Where it is Located. Hemorrhage, in itself, is not a tissue alteration.
• The Difference Between Drug Side-Effect Symptoms and the Symptoms of Actual Diseases. Iridology cannot differentiate between symptoms.
• Whether Irregular Menstrual Periods are Caused by the Thyroid. It can point out an underactive thyroid gland and thus give a lead for further investigation.
• The Presence of Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson's Disease, or Bubonic Plague.
• Whether Healing Signs Indicate a Raising of the General Health Level. Healing Signs may be present in just one particular area.
• The Presence of Syphilis, Gonorrhea, or another Sexually Transmitted Disease.
• Orientation Toward Homosexuality. Homosexuality is an alternate sexual orientation and does not involve abnormal tissue alteration.
• The Presence of AIDS. Iridology cannot discern a virus.
• The Presence of Gallstones or Kidney Stones. A stone is not a tissue alteration.
• Whether a Cardiac Artery is Blocked. Iridology can discern if a condition exists that would predispose a person to a blockage of this type.

QU'EST-CE QUE L'IRIDOLOGIE ?

L’oeil se forme à la lumière, pour la lumière,
afin que la lumière intérieure rencontre la lumière extérieure

Goethe

La pratique de l’examen de l’iris remonte à la plus haute antiquité. Utilisée en Chaldée, en Mésopotamie, en Egypte, en Grèce, en Inde et en Chine, elle était réservée aux princes et aux dignitaires.

Oubliée pendant des siècles, cette méthode fut sortie de l’oubli en 1880 par un médecin Hongrois Ignaszt von Péczely qui disait « l’oeil n’est pas seulement le miroir de l’âme, il est aussi le miroir du corps » . Ses nombreux successeurs, tant en Europe qu’aux USA continuèrent à approfondir et enrichir cette technique jusqu’à nos jours.

L’observation de différents signes ( colorations, formes, dépigmentations... ) suivant une méthodologie précise, permet de renseigner sur les prédispositions souvent héréditaires du terrain de la personne, ainsi que sur la toxémie, les forces et les faiblesses organiques de chacun.

Technique précieuse de prévention, l’iridologie permet à chacun, grâce à l’hygiène vitale correspondante, de mieux orienter ses choix de vie et de prévenir certains désordres physiques ou émotionnels.

L’iridologie s’adresse à tous, quelque soit l’âge ou la profession. Toutes les observations sont faites en collaboration avec le patient et ne peuvent être divulguées à un tiers. Le secret professionnel étant de rigueur.

Le bilan iridologique ne dispense ni d’un traitement ni d’un suivi médical ou psychologique. Les conseils en hygiène vitale viennent en soutien et en complément de la thérapie en cours, qui ne peut en aucun cas être interrompue.

  Iridology

Iridology was developed in Hungary in the 19th Century and involves the study of the Iris of the eye (the coloured sector) and the Pupil, using microscopic analysis of the surface structures to determine the health of the whole body. Genetic strengths and weaknesses, levels of

inflammation and toxicity, the efficiency of the eliminative organs all build up a picture of both current health status and predispositions. An Iridologist may use a specialist camera to take pictures of a client's iris, or simply examine them with an ophthalmoscope and will not claim to diagnose an actual disease with these methods, but to identify weaknesses in the body.

Iridology is a safe, non-invasive and inexpensive method of analysis that can be integrated into both orthodox and complementary medicine. Medical research in several European countries and Russia in particular has established greater acceptance of Iridology. In Russia, a trial involving 800,000 patients found Iridology to be 85% accurate in diagnosis; in South Korea clinical trials by the government found that on average Iridology was 78.2% accurate but with an impressive 90.2% accuracy in the diagnosis of digestive system disorders. By contrast, orthodox medicine considers other diagnostic techniques as reliable if they are accurate within a range of 30 - 40%.

Iridology has much to offer medicine. It is already taught to medical students in certain European universities. In the USA, a professorship has recently been conferred on a Fellow of The Guild of Naturopathic Iridology by a leading medical teaching university. His role there is to instigate the teaching of Iridology in particular plus other forms of complementary medicine. Gradually Iridology will become an integrated diagnostic method.

The human iris and pupil - the eye- is one of the most intricate structures in nature and is one of the most visible parts. Its thousands of nerve endings are connected to the brain via the hypothalamus, giving readouts on conditions in all organs and systems of the body. The iris provides accurate information about our constitutional type, helping patients to understand their strengths and weaknesses, thereby enabling them to become more personally aware of what they can do to help themselves in both the short and long-term. As bodily tissues become inflamed or congested, the iris registers the processes, enabling the Iridologist to determine the root cause of current disorders. For example, a toxic digestive system may be responsible for seemingly unrelated problems such as migraines, skin disorders or joint problems

A few minutes focused observation of the eyes will point you in the right direction, saving a great deal of time, energy, guesswork and frustration. By establishing the root cause of disorders, an appropriately trained and qualified Iridologist can advise the most effective forms of therapy that will attain the best results for the individual - a truly wholistic approach. Members of The Guild of Naturopathic Iridology are qualified not only in Iridology but also in at least one other therapeutic science e.g. herbal medicine, homoeopathy, orthodox medicine, nutrition, naturopathy.

For further information about Iridology visit the website  http://www.iridology.com.cn